Information about SQL4 and a Specific Question

I am supporting the State Reporting specialist for our district, and have two questions:

First is there a guide that describes SQL4 and/or how SQL4 is used within PowerSchool? If so, how can I get access to it?

Second, I have been writing ANSI SQL queries and software for quite a while and never come across the use of what I would call an OR operator || in a query. I recently came across this operator in one of our report queries, and am trying to figure out how this operator '||' is used.

select '0'||st.schoolid as "School ID",
COALESCE(st.state_studentnumber,to_char(st.student_number)) as "Student ID",
st.first_name as "Student First Name",
.
.
.

It looks like a single character '0' is being prepended to our school ID. Am I close?
Thanks.
cmn

The || is a Concatenation Operator: see https://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14200/operators003.htm
for more information.

Christopher W.P. Boyle, MSITM
CNA,MCP,A+,N+, Apple Certified
Director of Technology
Harvard Public Schools/Town of Harvard

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